PHILOSOPHY
PAPER-I
History and Problems of Philosophy
- Plato and Aristotle : Ideas; Substance; Form and Matter; Causation; Actuality and
Potentiality. - Rationalism (Descartes, Spinoza, Leibniz); Cartesian Method and Certain Knowledge;
Substance; God; Mind-Body Dualism; Determinism and Freedom. - Empiricism (Locke, Berkeley, Hume) : Theory of Knowledge; Substance and Qualities; Self
and God; Scepticism. - Kant: Possibility of Synthetic a priori Judgments; Space and Time; Categories; Ideas of
Reason; Antinomies; Critique of Proofs for the Existence of God. - Hegel : Dialectical Method; Absolute Idealism.
- Moore, Russell and Early Wittgenstein : Defence of Commonsense; Refutation of Idealism;
Logical Atomism; Logical Constructions; Incomplete Symbols; Picture Theory of Meaning;
Sying and Showing. - Logical Positivism : Verification Theory of Meaning; Rejection of Metaphysics; Linguistic
Theory of Necessary Propositions. - Later Wittgenstein : Meaning and Use; Language-games; Critique of Private Language.
- Phenomenology (Husserl): Method; Theory of Essences; Avoidance of Psychologism.
- Existentialism (Kierkegaard, Sarte, Heidegger): Existence and Essence; Choice,
Responsibility and Authentic Existence; Being-in-the-world and Temporality. - Quine and Strawson : Critique of Empiricism; Theory of Basic Particulars and Persons.
- Carvaka : Theory of Knowlegde; Rejection of Transcendent Entities.
- Jainism : Theory of Reality; Saptabhanginaya; Bondage and Liberation.
- Schools of Buddhism : Prat Ityasamutpada; Ksanikavada, Nairatmyavada.
- Nyaya—Vaiesesika : Theory of Categories; Theory of Appearance; Theory of Pramana; Self,
Liberation; God; Proofs for the Existence of God; Theory of Causation; Atomistic Theory of
Creation. - Samkhya; Prakrit; Purusa; Causation; Liberation.
- Yoga; Citta; Cittavrtti; Klesas; Samadhi; Kaivalya.
- Mimamsa: Theory of Knowlegde.
- Schools of Vedanta : Brahman; Isvara; Atman; Jiva; Jagat; Maya; Avida; Adhyasa; Moksa;
Aprthaksiddhi; Pancavidhabheda. - Aurobindo: Evolution, Involution; Integral Yoga.
PAPER-II
Socio-Political Philosophy
- Social and Political ldeals : Equality, Justice, Liberty.
- Sovereignty : Austin, Bodin, Laski, Kautilya.
- Individual and State : Rights; Duties and Accountability.
- Forms of Government : Monarchy; Theocracy and Democracy.
- Political Ideologies: Anarchism; Marxism and Socialism.
- Humanism; Secularism; Multi-culturalism.
- Crime and Punishment : Corruption, Mass Violence, Genocide, Capital Punishment.
- Development and Social Progress.
- Gender Discrimination : Female Foeticide, Land and Property Rights; Empowerment.
- Caste Discrimination : Gandhi and Ambedkar.
Philosophy of Religion
- Notions of God : Attributes; Relation to Man and the World. (Indian and Western).
- Proofs for the Existence of God and their Critique (Indian and Western).
- Problem of Evil.
- Soul : Immortality; Rebirth and Liberation.
- Reason, Revelation and Faith.
- Religious Experience : Nature and Object (Indian and Western).
- Religion without God.
- Religion and Morality.
- Religious Pluralism and the Problem of Absolute Truth.
- Nature of Religious Language : Analogical and Symbolic; Cognitivist and Non-cognitive.
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